Theory of Near–Zone Measurement with Transformation to Aerial Surface and Gain Measurement

a comparison of teachers and supervisors, with respect to teacher efficacy and reflection

supervisors play an undeniable role in training teachers, before starting their professional experience by preparing them, at the initial years of their teaching by checking their work within the proper framework, and later on during their teaching by assessing their progress. but surprisingly, exploring their attributes, professional demands, and qualifications has remained a neglected theme i...

Visual Tracking using Kernel Projected Measurement and Log-Polar Transformation

Visual Servoing is generally contained of control and feature tracking. Study of previous methods shows that no attempt has been made to optimize these two parts together. In kernel based visual servoing method, the main objective is to combine and optimize these two parts together and to make an entire control loop. This main target is accomplished by using Lyapanov theory. A Lyapanov candidat...

Raman Spectra of a PMMA Microstructured Optical Fibre and Direct Measurement of Its Gain Coefficient

 A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF) is fabricated and characterized. Using the cut-back technique the fiber loss is measured which is higher than the step-index silica fibers. Through a novel experimental scheme, the backward Stokes spectrum of the fabricated mPOF is recorded over a range exceeding 3000 cm‑1 during the cut-back method and compared ...

Loop Gain Measurement

CCD Camera Gain Measurement

The gain of a CCD camera is the conversion between the number of electrons ("e-") recorded by the CCD and the number of digital units ("counts") contained in the CCD image. It is useful to know this conversion for evaluating the performance of the CCD camera. Since quantities in the CCD image can only be measured in units of counts, knowing the gain permits the calculation of quantities such as...